Complaints to Magistrates (Section 200 to 203 of the Code of Criminal Procedure)

Examination of complainant - 

          According to Section 200 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1973, a Magistrate taking cognizance of an offense on the complaint shall examine upon oath the complainant and the witnesses present if any, and the substance of such examination shall be reduced to writing and shall be signed by the complainant and the witnesses, and also by the Magistrate:

Provided that, when the complaint is made in writing, the Magistrate need not examine the complainant and the witnesses-

     (a) If a public servant acting or purporting to act in the discharge of his official duties or a court has made the complaint; or

     (b) If the Magistrate makes over the case for inquiry or trial to another Magistrate under section 192:

Provided further that if the Magistrate makes over the case to another Magistrate under section 192 after examining the complainant and the witnesses, the latter Magistrate need not re-examine them.

Procedure by Magistrate not competent to take cognizance of the case (Section 201) - 

          As per Section 201 of the Cr.P.C, If the complaint is made to a Magistrate who is not competent to take cognizance of the offense he shall, -

(a) If the complaint is in writing, return it for presentation to the proper court with to that effect;

(b) If the complaint is not in writing, direct the complainant to the proper court.


Postponement of issue of process - 

According to Section 202(1) any Magistrate, on receipt of a complaint of an offense which he is authorized to take cognizance or which has been made over to him under section 192, may, if he thinks fit, and shall, in a case where the accused os is residing at a place beyond the area in which he exercises his jurisdiction. postpone the issue of process against the accused, and either inquire into the case himself or direct an investigation to be made by, a police officer or by such other person as he thinks fit, for the purpose of deciding whether or not there is sufficient ground for proceeding:

Provided that no such direction for investigation shall be made, -

(a) Where it appears to the Magistrate that the offense complained of is triable exclusively by the Court of Sessions or

(b) Where the complaint has not been made by a court unless the complainant and the witnesses present (if any) have been examined on oath under section 200.

(2) In an inquiry under sub-section (1), the Magistrate may, if he thinks fit, take evidence of a witness on oath:

Provided that if it appears to the Magistrate that the offense complained of is triable exclusively by the Court of Session, he shall call upon the complainant to produce all his witnesses and examine them on oath.

(3) If an investigation under sub-section (1) is made by a person not being a police officer, he shall have for that investigation all the powers conferred by this Court on an offer in charge of a police station except the power to arrest without warrant.


Dismissal of complaint -

According to Section 203 of the said Code If, after considering the statements on oath (if any) of the complainant and of the witnesses and the result of the inquiry or investigation (if any) under section 202, the Magistrate is of opinion that there is no sufficient ground for proceeding, he shall dismiss the complaint, and in every such case, he shall briefly record his reasons for so doing.


See Also...


Order for Maintenance of Wives, Children, and Parents (Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure)

Submission of Death Sentences For Confirmation (Section 366 to Section )

Objective Questions with Answers (MCQ) on Indian Penal Code (IPC) - 5